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Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast)

Received: 22 July 2022     Accepted: 9 August 2022     Published: 17 August 2022
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Abstract

The economic explosion accompanied by poorly controlled demographic growth that the city of Grand-Bassam has experienced over the past decade is threatening the preservation of the Ouladine Lagoon due to the direct discharge of large volumes of wastewater. This study aims to evaluate the level of organic pollution in the waters of the Ouladine lagoon. Eight stations spread over the entire lagoon were studied. This study is based on the exploitation of data from the water sampling campaigns carried out. The data were processed using the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) to determine the organic pollution of the water. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the data to highlight the phenomena causing water pollution. The results obtained show that the lagoon waters have a high degree of organic pollution overall. This high organic pollution of the lagoon waters is mainly related to the BOD5 load and phosphate ions. The potential causes and threats of pollution in the lagoon are multiple and are closely related to intense human activity. They mainly come from domestic and agricultural wastewater discharges. This assessment highlighted the risk that untreated discharges pose to this aquatic ecosystem and the negative impact on the promotion of ecotourism in the area.

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13
Page(s) 103-109
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Organic Pollution, Wastewater, Physicochemistry, Ouladine Lagoon, Ivory Coast

References
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    Keiba Noel Keumean, Koffi Blaise Yao, Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi, Bi Tape Armel Gonehi. (2022). Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast). American Journal of Environmental Protection, 11(4), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13

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    ACS Style

    Keiba Noel Keumean; Koffi Blaise Yao; Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi; Bi Tape Armel Gonehi. Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast). Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2022, 11(4), 103-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13

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    AMA Style

    Keiba Noel Keumean, Koffi Blaise Yao, Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi, Bi Tape Armel Gonehi. Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast). Am J Environ Prot. 2022;11(4):103-109. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13,
      author = {Keiba Noel Keumean and Koffi Blaise Yao and Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi and Bi Tape Armel Gonehi},
      title = {Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast)},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
      volume = {11},
      number = {4},
      pages = {103-109},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20221104.13},
      abstract = {The economic explosion accompanied by poorly controlled demographic growth that the city of Grand-Bassam has experienced over the past decade is threatening the preservation of the Ouladine Lagoon due to the direct discharge of large volumes of wastewater. This study aims to evaluate the level of organic pollution in the waters of the Ouladine lagoon. Eight stations spread over the entire lagoon were studied. This study is based on the exploitation of data from the water sampling campaigns carried out. The data were processed using the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) to determine the organic pollution of the water. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the data to highlight the phenomena causing water pollution. The results obtained show that the lagoon waters have a high degree of organic pollution overall. This high organic pollution of the lagoon waters is mainly related to the BOD5 load and phosphate ions. The potential causes and threats of pollution in the lagoon are multiple and are closely related to intense human activity. They mainly come from domestic and agricultural wastewater discharges. This assessment highlighted the risk that untreated discharges pose to this aquatic ecosystem and the negative impact on the promotion of ecotourism in the area.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Impact of Urban Waste on the Water Quality of the Ouladine Lagoon (Grand-Bassam, South-East of the Ivory Coast)
    AU  - Keiba Noel Keumean
    AU  - Koffi Blaise Yao
    AU  - Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi
    AU  - Bi Tape Armel Gonehi
    Y1  - 2022/08/17
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    SP  - 103
    EP  - 109
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5699
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20221104.13
    AB  - The economic explosion accompanied by poorly controlled demographic growth that the city of Grand-Bassam has experienced over the past decade is threatening the preservation of the Ouladine Lagoon due to the direct discharge of large volumes of wastewater. This study aims to evaluate the level of organic pollution in the waters of the Ouladine lagoon. Eight stations spread over the entire lagoon were studied. This study is based on the exploitation of data from the water sampling campaigns carried out. The data were processed using the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) to determine the organic pollution of the water. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the data to highlight the phenomena causing water pollution. The results obtained show that the lagoon waters have a high degree of organic pollution overall. This high organic pollution of the lagoon waters is mainly related to the BOD5 load and phosphate ions. The potential causes and threats of pollution in the lagoon are multiple and are closely related to intense human activity. They mainly come from domestic and agricultural wastewater discharges. This assessment highlighted the risk that untreated discharges pose to this aquatic ecosystem and the negative impact on the promotion of ecotourism in the area.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Laboratory of Soil, Water and Geomaterials Sciences (LSSEG), Training and Research Unit for Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, University Félix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

  • Laboratory of Soil, Water and Geomaterials Sciences (LSSEG), Training and Research Unit for Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, University Félix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

  • Laboratory of Soil, Water and Geomaterials Sciences (LSSEG), Training and Research Unit for Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, University Félix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

  • Laboratory of Soil, Water and Geomaterials Sciences (LSSEG), Training and Research Unit for Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, University Félix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

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